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in the general news media as they relate to printed circuit board technology.
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Design requirements: The designer must read the schematic diagram in detail, fully communicate with the project engineer, understand the circuit architecture, understand the working principle of the circuit, and clearly understand the layout and routing requirements of key signals.
1. Signal Integrity: refers to the quality of the signal in the circuit system. If the signal can be transmitted from the source to the receiver without distortion in the required time, we call the signal complete.
Downstream operators usually require PCB manufacturers to do 100% electrical testing, so they will agree with PCB manufacturers on test conditions and test methods. Therefore, both parties will clearly define the following:
The characteristic impedance of the multi-layer signal transmission line, Z0, currently requires a control range of typically 50 Ω ± 10%, 75 Ω ± 10%, or 28 Ω ± 10%.
The below describes several EDA software commonly used in circuit design. There are many EDA softwares in this industry, such as transformer design, electrical design, integrated circuit design, etc., as well as various microcontrollers. Simulation software.
The components should be arranged in a straight line in the order of the electrical schematics, and the compactness is required to shorten the length of the printed conductors and achieve a uniform assembly density. Under the premise of ensuring electrical performance requirements, the components shall be parallel or perpendicular to the board surface and parallel or perpendicular to the main board edge. It is evenly distributed on the board surface.
Signal integrity (SI) issues are becoming a growing concern for digital hardware designers. Due to the increased data rate bandwidth in wireless base stations, wireless network controllers, wired network infrastructure, and military avionics systems, board design has become increasingly complex.
The schematic design software will be available in ORCAD. The supported Netlist is much more than the industry standard.
The rise time of the signal is critical to understanding the signal integrity problem. Most of the problems in high-speed pcb design are related to it, and you must pay enough attention to him.
First, consider the size of the PCB.
(1) Is the pin pitch correct? If the answer is no, it is very likely that you will not even get a weld.
The so-called copper coating is to use the unused space on the PCB as the reference surface, and then fill it with solid copper. These copper areas are also called copper filling.
In a company, from a product-level perspective, what are the prerequisites for a signal integrity engineer, what they are doing, and a bystander's understanding is as follows:
How to reduce the mutual interference between digital signals and analog signals?
In general, the most basic process of designing a board can be divided into three major steps.
In high-speed designs, the characteristic impedance of the controllable impedance plates and lines is one of the most important and common problems. First, let's look at the definition of a transmission line: a transmission line consists of two conductors of a certain length, one for transmitting signals and the other for receiving signals (remember that the "loop" replaces the concept of "ground"). In a multi-layer board, each line is part of the transmission line and the adjacent reference plane can be used as a second line or loop. The key to a line becoming a "perfect" transmission line is to keep its characteristic impedance constant throughout the line.
The main parasitic components generated by board layout are resistors, capacitors, and inductors. When switching from a circuit diagram to an actual board, all parasitic components have a chance to interfere with circuit performance. When a system mixes digital and analog components, careful routing is key to the success of the board. In particular, digital traces that are often close to high-impedance analog traces will cause severe coupling noise, which can only be avoided by keeping the two traces at a distance. This article quantifies the toughest board parasitic components, board capacitors, and lists the performance examples that can be clearly seen on the board.
PCB material are divided into: 94HB, fireproof board (94VO, FR-1, FR-2), semi-glass (22F, CEM-1, CEM-3), and full glass (FR-4).
Signal integrity issues can cause problems when you struggle to stabilize the various signals on the board. The IBIS model is an easy way to solve these problems. You can use the IBIS model to extract some important variables for signal integrity calculations and finding solutions for PCB design. The various values you extract from the IBIS model are an integral part of signal integrity design calculations.
4 methods and solutions
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